Which faction argued that a Bill of Rights was unnecessary because states already had protections in their constitutions?

• A. Anti-Federalists
• B. Federalists
• C. Both
• D. Neither

Answer: (B)

The question tests understanding of the Federalist position during the ratification debates about a Bill of Rights. Federalists argued that a Bill of Rights at the federal level wasn’t necessary because the Constitution itself would limit the national government to powers explicitly granted and prevent overreach. They also pointed to state constitutions as protecting many liberties, arguing that if specific rights were not listed for the federal government, that didn’t mean they could be violated—since the federal government’s powers were already restrained by design. In short, the protection of rights would come from the structure of the new government and the existing state protections, not from a separate federal bill of rights. Anti-Federalists, by contrast, argued for a Bill of Rights to guard individuals against potential federal overreach, so their stance differs from the one described here.